The first law: robots must not harm human individuals, or stand idly by while witnessing that human individuals will be in danger; The second law: the robot must obey the command given to it by people, except when the command conflicts with the first law; The third law: robots should protect their own survival as much as possible without violating the first and second laws. Some practitioners used Asimov’s science fiction "Three Laws of Robots" as the starting point of artificial intelligence, and the World Intelligence Congress also paid attention to related issues.
On June 24th, the 6th World Intelligence Conference "Artificial Intelligence Ethics Summit Forum" was held in Tianjin. With the theme of "Ethical Challenges and Governance Strategies of Artificial Intelligence", the forum invited representative academicians, experts and scholars in the field of artificial intelligence to discuss in depth the ethical challenges, ethical governance and the construction of safe, reliable and controllable artificial intelligence, actively explore the construction objectives, key tasks, realization paths and institutional guarantees of artificial intelligence ethics, and promote the vivid practice of ethical governance of artificial intelligence.
Experts pointed out that artificial intelligence is a basic, strategic and leading technology that leads a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation. Its characteristics of radiation, permeability, diffusion and subversion facing the economy and society are becoming increasingly distinct, which is driving new changes in the economy and society. While benefiting mankind, artificial intelligence has brought unprecedented risks and impacts on employment, social ethics and personal privacy. Artificial intelligence and big data ethics have attracted much attention, and it is urgent to establish a new governance model. He put forward four suggestions. First, integrate multidisciplinary forces, carry out interdisciplinary research on artificial intelligence ethical governance, focus on hot areas such as information recommendation, data privacy, autonomous driving, virtual reality, and meta-universe, and promote cross-disciplinary collaboration. Grasp the development law of artificial intelligence, explore and study new ethical problems, solve new governance problems in coordination, and realize the healthy development of artificial intelligence technology and industry. The second is to improve the ethical governance mechanism, integrate broader social forces, and promote collaborative governance. Encourage relevant national societies to establish branches related to artificial intelligence ethics and governance, and guide responsible research and development and application of artificial intelligence. Promote leading enterprises to set up internal ethical governance committees and shape the corporate culture of science and technology. The third is to promote ethical science education. Timely publicize the cutting-edge achievements and development trends of artificial intelligence, popularize the relevant policy information, governance rules and governance effects of artificial intelligence ethics, and promote the public to comprehensively, objectively and accurately understand the possible benefits and risks brought by cutting-edge technology of artificial intelligence. Fourth, promote international exchanges and cooperation in ethical governance, and contribute to global ethical governance with China’s wisdom and China’s plan.Share the best practices of ethical governance in China. Guide the development direction of artificial intelligence ethics and standards, put forward effective countermeasures to solve international problems, promote consensus rules and initiatives, and promote the development of global artificial intelligence governance system in a more fair and reasonable direction.
Experts said that science and technology ethics is the thought and code of conduct of the relationship between man and society, man and nature, and man and man in science and technology innovation activities, which stipulates the values, social responsibilities and code of conduct that science and technology workers and their communities should abide by, and points out that the fundamental significance of science and technology for goodness is to "make science and technology better enhance human welfare". At present, strengthening the ethical work of science and technology requires the combination of institutional norms and self-restraint. Scientific and technological workers, scientific research institutions and organizations should establish and enhance their ethical awareness, internalize it in their hearts and exercise self-discipline. The ethical behavior of scientific and technological personnel is closely related to their scientific and technological values. Under the guidance of common human values and socialist core values, scientific and technological personnel should establish correct scientific and technological values and ethical principles internalized in their hearts, so as to truly achieve scientific and technological goodness.
Experts pointed out that artificial intelligence plays a vital role in digital technology and is the innovation engine of industrial digitalization. The security of artificial intelligence faces seven challenges: hardware may be attacked, software has loopholes, protocols may be tampered with, algorithms may be cheated, data may be polluted, application may endanger human interests, and social ethics may exceed existing norms. At the same time, artificial intelligence also provides new technical means to solve digital security risks, such as AI data analysis, AI intelligence processing and AI intelligent defense.
Experts pointed out that artificial intelligence has hidden dangers in algorithms, data, infrastructure and applications, and it is necessary to develop credible and safe artificial intelligence, taking into account the synergy, symbiosis, standardization and fairness between artificial intelligence and human beings, and finally achieving the goal of people-oriented and serving people. To this end, four suggestions are put forward: first, we should promote the "no man’s land" and application-oriented path of artificial intelligence with the concept of interdisciplinary to solve the bottleneck problem faced by the development of artificial intelligence; Second, we should actively carry out the basic theoretical research of credible, safe and robust model algorithm, and improve the criteria and system of safety evaluation, verification and supervision; Third, in view of the distinctive characteristics of the combination of social attributes and technical attributes of artificial intelligence, we should plan ahead to strengthen the construction of artificial intelligence ethics and regulations; Fourth, we should strengthen international cooperation and information technology sharing, and establish an open and innovative development platform.
The forum also put forward seven ideas to solve the ethical problems of AI from the development status, application fields, evolution process and problem types of AI. First, we should improve the governance system of artificial intelligence ethics and safety; The second is to promote the implementation of laws, regulations, standards and norms; Third, establish a multi-agent dialogue mechanism, track the forefront of technological development, and discover new security and ethical issues; The fourth is to establish an ethical evaluation, early warning and control mechanism for the frontier research and application of artificial intelligence; Fifth, strengthen the ethical education of all stakeholders in the research and application of artificial intelligence and improve their ethical awareness; Sixth, actively cultivate healthy intelligent culture and digital humanistic thought; The seventh is to strengthen the scientific dissemination and ethical popularization of the frontier progress of artificial intelligence and improve the public’s cognitive level.
In addition, experts also conducted in-depth discussion and communication on the challenges faced by artificial intelligence, strengthening the ethical norms and governance of artificial intelligence, and building a more reliable and responsible artificial intelligence, and answered questions from the audience.
The summit forum was hosted by China Association for Science and Technology and Tianjin Municipal People’s Government, and Gong Ke, former president of the World Federation of Engineering Organizations and executive director of China New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Strategy Research Institute, made a keynote speech. Zhou Hongyi, founder of 360 Group, academician of China Academy of Engineering, Wang Shuxin, deputy secretary of Party Committee and president of Chongqing University, and Xue Lan, dean of Schwarzman Scholars of Tsinghua University and a senior professor of liberal arts in Tsinghua University, gave a special lecture. Nearly 50 representatives from Tianjin party and government organs, universities, research institutes, high-tech enterprises and other units participated in offline activities.
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